âHeart of Darknessâ (New York: Chelsea House, 1987).
Firchow, Peter Edgerly, Envisioning Africa: Racism and Imperialism in Conradâs âHeart of Darknessâ (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2000).
Fothergill, Anthony, âHeart of Darknessâ , Open Guides to Literature (Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1989).
Moore, Gene M., ed., Joseph Conrad, âHeart of Darknessâ: A Casebook (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004).
Murfin, Ross C., âHeart of Darknessâ: A Case Study in Contemporary Criticism (Boston, MA: Bedford Books, 1989; 2nd edn 1996).
Tredell, Nicolas, ed., Joseph Conrad: âHeart of Darknessâ , Icon Critical Guides (Cambridge: Icon Books, 1998).
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A Note on the Texts
The copy-text for Heart of Darkness is that of the first English edition of 13 November 1902; that for âThe Congo Diaryâ is the manuscript held at the Houghton Library, Harvard University; and that for the âAuthorâs Noteâ is the text first published in the second English edition of the Youth volume in September 1917 (London: J. M. Dent & Sons).
Conrad composed Heart of Darkness during the period from mid-December 1898 to early February 1899 for the thousandth issue of Blackwoodâs Magazine . A nearly complete manuscript is held at the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University, and a portion of revised typescript in the Berg Collection, New York Public Library.
Under the title âThe Heart of Darknessâ, the story was serialized in Britain during FebruaryâApril 1899, and appeared in the United States in The Living Age , JuneâAugust 1900. Along with two other stories, âYouthâ and âThe End of the Tetherâ, it was first collected in Britain in Youth: A Narrative and Two Other Stories (Edinburgh and London: William Blackwood & Sons, 1902) and in the United States by McClure, Phillips of New York (1903). In both editions the story was renamed âHeart of Darknessâ.
Although this is not a critical edition, emendations to the Heart of Darkness copy-text have been made to correct outright errors, repair typographical flaws and rationalize minor inconsistencies. The first English edition has been compared with earlier stages of the text, including the manuscript (MS) and typescript fragment (TS), in order to take into account the complex circumstances of its early drafting, typing and printing, and thus to rectify a number of transmissional errors, mainly originating in the typescript prepared by Conradâs wife, Jessie, and passing into all printed forms.
Some features of Blackwoodâs house-style have been silently modified. An occasional feature of Blackwoodâs house-style, a comma and em-dash in combination (,â), has been replaced by an em-dash only. In the case of some spellings, Conradâs habitual usage has been preferred to that in the first English edition: thus âfurtherâ, âby the byeâ, âby and byeâ and âentrustedâ are preferred to âfartherâ, âby-the-byâ, âby-and-byâ and âin-trustedâ. Ambiguous hyphenation has been resolved on the basis of majority practice in the text, and, where no clear precedent exists, is determined by the spelling of the period.
Written during his visit to the Congo in 1890, Conradâs âDiaryâ did not appear in print until after his death, when Richard Curle published an edited and annotated version in Blue Peter 5 (October 1925), pp. 319â25. This was later republished in his edition of Conradâs Last Essays (London: J. M. Dent & Sons, 1926).
The manuscript bears the typical signs of an informal private diary not intended for publication, notably in its irregular or missing punctuation, abbreviated words and occasional