year, even though he didnât have to. I teased him, declaring that since I had invented this trick thirty years ago, he owed me royalties every time he did it.
Testing the Teacher
The fact is that scores of the children who enter our classrooms are students who like to read or once did, before years of traditional reading instruction focused on comprehension worksheets, book reports, and whole-class novel units made the experience of reading boring and painful. Michelleâs reading reflection entry reveals her beliefs about reading prior to my class:
When you told us that you expected us to read 40 books this year, my first thought was: She. Is. Crazy. I used to hate to read more than Aunt Eleanorâs potato salad (and believe me, that stuff is pretty nasty). I think part of it was the fact that the only books I read last year were books that the school required us to read. We would do worksheet upon worksheet of reviews and vocabulary on every single chapter.
That I expect my students to read forty books a year is not the chief concern for many students. They usually want to know what activities I will ask them to do with the books they are reading, because worksheets, vocabulary tests, and book reports have always been the goal for every book they have ever read in school; never has it been for their pleasure or engagement. They have a tough time believing that I have not tied their books to a lot of teacher strings, so they quiz me, looking for the catch:
âHow will you be grading this, Mrs. Miller?â
âDonât worry about grades. If you keep reading, youâll be fine.â
âMay I read books from home or only yours?â
âFirst, these are our books, yours and mine. Second, yes, you may read books from home.â
âHow will you know that we are really reading?â
âTrust me, I will know.â
They donât have much confidence in me. If I am not going to quiz them on every book and monitor their every reading move, how will I control reading for them? School, for them, is about performing to the teacherâs expectations and doing the work that the teacher requires.
Our students have no background in how a class can be different. They begin each school year filled with hope that this year will be more interesting and engaging than the last, and yet, the drudgery that surrounds reading continues, year in, year out. It takes time for students to get to know me and trust me and then to believe that they have as much reading freedom as I claim they do. When faced with the wall of books in my classroom, Corbin didnât feel anticipation; he felt dread:
I remember the moment perfectly, Meet the Teacher night, I walk into my LA & SS [Language Arts and Social Studies] room and all I see are books. Then Mrs. Miller walks up and says we have a 40 book requirement. The first thing that pops into my mind isâbook reports.
Conditions for Learning
What I did not know when I started teaching was that no matter how dynamic and well planned my instruction was, if my classroom was not a motivational environment for readers, my instruction was doomed to fail. Based on decades of classroom observations on the conditions that foster learning, Australian researcher Brian Cambourne identifies the following factors that contribute to successful learning:
⢠Immersion: Students need to be surrounded with books of all kinds and given the opportunity to read them every day. Conversations about readingâwhat is being read and what students are getting from their booksâneed to be an ongoing event. In my classroom, students have access to hundreds of books of all genres and reading levels and encouragement to read widely.
⢠Demonstrations: Students require abundant demonstrations on the structure and features of texts, how to use texts for different learning goals, and how to access the information in them. I teach daily reading lessons using authentic