breathing and increased perspiration. Additionally, take note if he is trying to control his breathing to calm himself. This will appear as deep, audible inhaling and exhaling.
Trembling or shaking in voice and body: His hands may tremble. If he is hiding his hands, it might be an attempt to hide uncontrollable shaking. His voice may crack and seem inconsistent.
This is hard to swallow: Swallowing becomes difficult, so look for a hard swallow. Television or movie actors who wish to express fear or sadness often use this behaviour— hence the expression "all choked up." Also indicative is a clearing of the throat.
Due to anxiety, mucus forms in the throat. A public speaker who is nervous often clears his throat before speaking.
A choir boy, he's not! Vocal chords, like all muscles, tighten when a person is stressed. This will produce a higher sound, octave, and/or pitch.
I'm sorry, you said what? When we're under stress, our ability to focus on something is often diminished. Have you ever met someone at a party and forgotten his name right after you're introduced?
Look for signs of distraction and an inability to pay attention to what's going on.
The whistler: Whistling seems to be a universal action to relax oneself when one is frightened or anxious, and is an unconscious attempt to build up courage or confidence. Most people have little tells-
—gestures used when they are nervous. They may rub an ear for reassurance or plaster on a fake smile to boost their confidence.
C L U E 42
Oh So Clever
The ancient sport of Judo has a fundamental philosophy: do not confront force with force; instead use your opponent's strength and turn it against him.
The purveyors of this clue never get defensive or argue, they simply use your own words to support their claim.
Let's say that a guard is standing watch over a restricted area. It's his job to check ID s of those who enter. "I'm not sure you have, authorization," he says to a man attempting
access. "I'm not surprised," answered the man, "only a few people are aware of my clearance level. My work here is not supposed to be known by everyone."
Do you see how quickly the man verbally
disarmed the guard? Had he started to argue and insist that he had clearance and that the guard was a fool for not knowing, he would have met with a wall of resistance. Rather, he agrees with the guard, and explains that the reason why the guard thought he didn't have authorization is the very reason why he does have authorization.
A certain bagel company overcame an obvious marketing problem by using this same practice. The company sells frozen bagels, yet it wanted to project an image of freshness, a characteristic that to most of us is the opposite of frozen. Their solution? The slogan "They taste best because they're frozen."
Watch out when someone tries to use an obvious fact to support a questionable assertion.
C L U E 43
The Moral Assumption
This clue is so clever and pervasive that once you hear about it, you'll probably realize that it has already been used on you many times. The genesis of this clue comes courtesy of human nature. We all have an inherent need for order, for continuity and consistency.
The purveyor of deceit demonstrates characteristics with a specific moral bent so that other of his actions will be seen
in that light. An example will clarify. Let's say that Joe, the financial officer of a large corporation, thinks that you may be on to his embezzlement scheme. He knows that you have no real proof, but he wants to throw you off the track. What might he do? In your presence, he may openly chastise another employee for "borrowing" some office supplies for her personal use at home. Your impression is that Joe is a moral person who objects to something as minor as stealing office supplies. Certainly he cannot be responsible for a large-scale embezzlement scheme.
A wife who is concerned that her husband suspects her of having a brief affair (which she did indeed